Commandment Profile:

+2) To acknowledge G-d’s unity (that He is only One, and Infinite)
Application to gentiles: Required Mandated punishment for violation: From Heaven Brief description: To recognize the pure Oneness and indivisibility of G-d, and that He and He alone rules directly over all of His creation, spiritual and physical; also known as “accepting the yoke of the Kingdom of Heaven.” Examples: To reject any belief in a “trinity.” Category: Idolatry Commandments Biblical source(s) (Rambam): Deut. 6:4 Biblical source (Sefer HaChinuch): Deut. 6:4 Number in Sefer HaChinuch: 417 Sources explaining relevance to gentiles: (See bibliography) Rambam, Mishneh Torah, Avodas Kochavim 9:4 Christian gentiles are idolaters. Rambam, Mishneh Torah, Maachalos Asuros 11:7; 13:11 Muslim gentiles are not idolaters (as opposed to Christians). Rambam, Mishneh Torah, Avodas Kochavim 1:1 The original belief in other powers as partners of G-d was a “huge mistake” by gentiles. Kli Yakar, Shemos 20:8 Having no false gods before G-d (mitzvah -1) was also addressed to gentiles, and they are obligated in it. Rashi, Devarim 6:4 The “Shma” (the source of this mitzvah) refers to gentiles ultimately accepting the unity of G-d.